Daily Current Affair 10-September-2025

News at a Glance

Topic	GS Paper / Tag	Context & Key Facts (Explained)
India’s First Digital Census 2027	GS1 – IS – Population	Census 2027 will be India’s first fully digital enumeration: nearly 34 lakh enumerators will use Android/iOS apps (on personal phones) in multiple languages to upload data directly, allowing faster integration and real-time accuracy. Citizens can also self-enumerate online. Building and household geo-tagging (via GIS) will ensure precise mapping, and all paper entries (if used) are quickly digitised making duplication, data lag, and manual error nearly obsolete.
Gender Imbalance in IITs	GS2 – Social – Education	The supernumerary quota (since 2018) raised female IIT enrolment to ~20%, but true inclusivity lags infrastructure gaps (hostels, safety), persistent social/cultural barriers (few girls in STEM at school), and psychological hurdles (imposter syndrome) keep the gender gap wide. IITs are adding support like mental health tools and women’s welfare offices, but real balance will require reforms in pedagogy, more women mentors, and extending successful outreach models like Vigyan Jyoti to more schools.
India–Israel Bilateral Investment Agreement	GS2 – IR – Israel	India and Israel’s new Bilateral Investment Agreement replaces a 1996 treaty, offering improved mutual protections and expected to boost already strong investments especially since Israel is the first OECD country to sign India’s revised investment framework. Relations have broadened from defence (India is Israel’s biggest arms client) to technology, agriculture, trade, and strategic support, reflecting deepening ties since diplomatic outreach in 1992 and PM-level visits since 2017.
Gen Z-Led Protests in Nepal	GS2 – IR – Issues	Mass youth (“Gen Z”) protests erupted after Nepal’s government banned social media ostensibly to combat misinformation. This fueled deeper resentment against corruption, dynastic politics, and joblessness. With 90% internet penetration and 84% informal employment, Nepal’s young population leveraged digital networks to demand free speech and accountability, leading to the PM’s resignation. This shows the power and risks of empowered youth in South Asian democracies.
Khalistani Financing in Canada	GS2 – IR – Bilateral Relation	Canadian intelligence confirmed Khalistani groups receive financial support from within the country, which validates India’s long-standing concerns about anti-India propaganda and diaspora manipulation stoking tensions in Punjab. This has further strained bilateral ties, despite recent diplomatic outreach, highlighting the challenge of foreign tolerance for extremist networks targeting India’s internal security.
India Reaffirms WTO-Centred Trade Order	GS2 – IR – Issues	At SCO, India stressed its support for a WTO-centred, rules-based trade order and advocated for permanent solutions on food security, better dispute settlement, diversified supply chains, and equitable climate finance. India opposed discriminatory green trade measures (border carbon taxes) and highlighted its growing creative economy (AVGC sector), positioning itself as a leader for reform in multilateral trade institutions.
New GST Rates for the Agriculture Sector	GS3 – IE – Taxes	The GST Council slashed rates on agri products and equipment: most items now face 0–5% tax, with processed food, bio-inputs, and farm machinery taxed at 5%. This is expected to lower cultivation costs and streamline product categories, but may hurt government revenues and adds classification complexity. Timely refunds and regulatory clarity will be needed to maximize gains for both farmers and exporters.
Declining Foreign Capital Inflows	GS3 – IE – Securities	Even with strong GDP growth, India saw net FDI (2024–25) collapse to just $0.4 bn, major FPI equity outflows, and outward FDI surge leaving bond inflows and ECBs to plug BoP gaps. This paradox is blamed on weak earnings, regulatory hurdles, IPO exits, and global risk aversion. Implications: possible currency weakening, reserves decline, and slower growth. Policy response includes GST cuts, easier approvals, PLIs, BIT updates, and calls to deepen bond markets and reform dispute resolution.
NITI Aayog’s Roadmap for Pulses Atmanirbharta	GS3 – Agri – Crops	India’s pulses output reached 26 MT (2022–23) with improved yields and reduced import dependence (now just 10.4%). NITI’s report targets strategic self-reliance by 2047, focusing on priority crops, technology adoption, quality seeds, and regional clustering (“seed villages”). But climate vulnerability (rain-dependent crops), regional imbalances, and seed supply issues persist. Achievement depends on cluster-based incentives and resilient agri-extension systems.
Great Nicobar Project Dilemma	GS3 – Envi – Degradation	The Great Nicobar transshipment and logistics megaproject promises strategic leverage at the Malacca chokepoint and economic returns, but faces opposition for violating tribal rights, threatening fragile biodiversity (rainforests, reefs, turtle nesting), and ignoring earthquake/tsunami risks. Critics highlight denotification of tribal reserves and sidestepping consent laws (FRA). Experts advise consent-driven, transparent review and limited impact zones as the way forward.
Red Sea Cable Disruption	GS3 – S&T – Tech	Cable damage in the Red Sea (SEA-ME-WE 4, IMEWE lines) increased latency between India and Europe, exposing the vulnerability of submarine cables at maritime chokepoints (Bab-el-Mandeb). With 99% of global internet on such cables, these disruptions caused by shipping, anchor drag, and conflict highlight a need for security, diversified routes, and newer projects. India, with 17 landing stations, is working to bolster future cable redundancy.
Risks of Generative AI Chatbots	GS4 – Probity in Governance	Recent lawsuits highlight how generative AI chatbots (like ChatGPT) can sometimes produce harmful content risking vulnerable users, spreading unsafe ideas, and even abetting self-harm. Key issues are weak content guardrails, AI ‘psychosis,’ and blurred user autonomy. Successful policy will require ethical-by-design AI, regulatory oversight (like the EU’s AI Act), stronger parental controls, and integrating AI literacy into curricula for resilience and safe adoption.
Self-Respect Movement – 100 Years	Prelims – In News	2025 marks the centenary of Tamil Nadu’s Self-Respect Movement (by Periyar), a milestone in India’s fight to end caste discrimination and advance social justice and rationalism.
Universal Postal Congress – Dubai	Prelims – In News	The 28th Universal Postal Congress, hosted in Dubai, shapes global postal strategy relevant for international communication, treaties, and commerce.
Operation Guddar (J&K anti-terror ops)	Prelims – Security	Joint forces (Army, Police, CRPF) killed two terrorists in Kulgam’s Guddar forest, demonstrating ongoing counterinsurgency and cooperation in Jammu & Kashmir.
Lithium-Ion Battery Plant in Haryana	Prelims – Sci & Tech	Japan’s TDK opened a lithium-ion battery plant in Haryana, boosting India’s electronics and energy storage sector a step towards localisation and energy security.

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